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B 1
2. The symbol for magnetic flux density.
B 2
abbr.2. Baseball base
4. billion
b 1
or B(bē)n.pl.b's or B's also bs or Bs1. The second letter of the modern English alphabet.
2. Any of the speech sounds represented by the letter b.
4. Something shaped like the letter B.
5. B The second best or second highest in quality or rank: a mark of B on an English theme.
6. Musica. The seventh tone in the scale of C major or the second tone in the relative minor scale.
c. A written or printed note representing this tone.
d. A string, key, or pipe tuned to the pitch of this tone.
7. B One of the four major blood groups in the ABO system. Individuals with this blood group have the B antigen on the surface of their red blood cells, and the anti-A antibody in their blood serum.
b 2
abbr.2. or B bel
4. breadth
b
(biː) orB
n, plb's, B'sorBs1. the second letter and first consonant of the modern English alphabet
2. (Phonetics & Phonology) a speech sound represented by this letter, usually a voiced bilabial stop, as in bell
3. Also: beta the second in a series, esp the second highest grade in an examination
b
symbol for
B
symbol for1. (Music, other) musica. a note having a frequency of 493.88 hertz (B above middle C) or this value multiplied or divided by any power of 2; the seventh note of the scale of C major
c. the major or minor key having this note as its tonic
2. the supporting or less important of two things: the B side of a record.
3. (Physiology) a human blood type of the ABO group, containing the B antigen
5. (Mathematics) the number 11 in hexadecimal notation
7. (General Physics) magnetic flux density
9. (on Brit pencils, signifying degree of softness of lead) black: B; 2B; 3B. Compare H5
11. (Nuclear Physics) physics baryon number
13. (Currencies) belga
15. (Photography) photog B-setting
16. (Sociology) a. a person whose job is in middle management, or who holds an intermediate administrative or professional position
b. (as modifier): a B worker. See also occupation groupings
abbreviation for (Automotive Engineering) Belgium (international car registration)
B, b
(bi)n., pl. BsB's, bsb's.
1. the second letter of the English alphabet, a consonant.
2. any spoken sound represented by this letter.
4. a written or printed representation of the letter B or b.
B
B
Symbol.
1. the second in order or in a series.
2. (sometimes l.c.) a grade or mark indicating that academic work, a product, etc., is good but not of the highest quality.
4. a. the seventh tone of the ascending C major scale.
5. boron.
7. a designation for a motion picture made on a low budget.
B.
2. bacillus.
4. bay.
6. bolivar.
8. born.
10. British.
12. brotherhood.
b.
2. bale.
4. basso.
6. billion.
8. book.
10. breadth.
B-
(in designations of aircraft) bomber: B-29.
B
B
B&q Diy
A member of the second highest grouping into which society is divided by occupation, typically a person in middle management, or in the intermediate ranks of an administrative or professional occupation.
Noun | 1. | B - aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil anthrax bacillus, Bacillus anthracis - a species of bacillus that causes anthrax in humans and in animals (cattle and swine and sheep and rabbits and mice and guinea pigs); can be used a bioweapon Bacillus globigii, Bacillus subtilis, grass bacillus, hay bacillus - a species of bacillus found in soil and decomposing organic matter; some strains produce antibiotics Yersinia pestis - a bacillus bacterium that causes the plague; aerosolized bacteria can be used as a bioweapon eubacteria, eubacterium, true bacteria - a large group of bacteria having rigid cell walls; motile types have flagella genus Bacillus - type genus of the Bacillaceae; includes many saprophytes important in decay of organic matter and a number of parasites |
2. | B - originally thought to be a single vitamin but now separated into several B vitamins B complex, B vitamin, B-complex vitamin, vitamin B, vitamin B complex choline - a B-complex vitamin that is a constituent of lecithin; essential in the metabolism of fat inositol - an optically inactive alcohol that is a component of the vitamin B complex pantothen, pantothenic acid - a vitamin of the vitamin B complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods water-soluble vitamin - any vitamin that is soluble in water aneurin, antiberiberi factor, thiamin, thiamine, vitamin B1 - a B vitamin that prevents beriberi; maintains appetite and growth antipernicious anemia factor, cobalamin, cyanocobalamin, vitamin B12 - a B vitamin that is used to treat pernicious anemia hepatoflavin, lactoflavin, ovoflavin, riboflavin, vitamin B2, vitamin G - a B vitamin that prevents skin lesions and weight loss adermin, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxine, vitamin B6 - a B vitamin that is essential for metabolism of amino acids and starch folacin, folate, folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid, pteroylmonoglutamic acid, vitamin Bc, vitamin M - a B vitamin that is essential for cell growth and reproduction niacin, nicotinic acid - a B vitamin essential for the normal function of the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract biotin, vitamin H - a B vitamin that aids in body growth | |
3. | B - a trivalent metalloid element; occurs both in a hard black crystal and in the form of a yellow or brown powder chemical element, element - any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter borax - an ore of boron consisting of hydrated sodium borate; used as a flux or cleansing agent kernite - a light soft mineral consisting of hydrated sodium borate in crystalline form; an important source of boron | |
4. | B - a logarithmic unit of sound intensity equal to 10 decibels sound unit - any acoustic unit of measurement | |
5. | b - (physics) a unit of nuclear cross section; the effective circular area that one particle presents to another as a target for an encounter atomic physics, nuclear physics, nucleonics - the branch of physics that studies the internal structure of atomic nuclei area unit, square measure - a system of units used to measure areas | |
6. | b - the 2nd letter of the Roman alphabet Latin alphabet, Roman alphabet - the alphabet evolved by the ancient Romans which serves for writing most of the languages of western Europe alphabetic character, letter of the alphabet, letter - the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech; 'his grandmother taught him his letters' | |
7. | B - the blood group whose red cells carry the B antigen blood group, blood type - human blood cells (usually just the red blood cells) that have the same antigens |
B
b[biː]A.N1. (= letter) → B f, b f
B for Bertie → B de Burgos
number 7b (in house numbers) → número 7b
B for Bertie → B de Burgos
number 7b (in house numbers) → número 7b
2. (Mus) B → si m
B major/minor → si mayor/menor
B sharp/flat → si sostenido/bemol
B major/minor → si mayor/menor
B sharp/flat → si sostenido/bemol
B.CPDB roadN (Brit) → carreterafcomarcalorsecundaria
B
b[ˈbiː]n (= letter) → B, b m
B for Benjamin, B for Baker (US) → B comme Berthe
B for Benjamin, B for Baker (US) → B comme Berthe
(= mark) → bien, B
I got a B- → j'ai eu 14
I got a B+ → j'ai eu 16
I got a B- → j'ai eu 14
I got a B+ → j'ai eu 16
B
, bn → Bnt, → bnt; (Sch: as a mark) → zwei, gut; (Mus) → Hnt, → hnt; B flat → Bnt, → bnt; B sharp → Hisnt, → hisnt ?natural
b
abbr ofborn → geb.B
b[biː]nb. (Mus) → si m
c. (Scol) (mark) → 8 (buono)
B for Benjamin (Am) B for Baker → B come Bologna
B for Benjamin (Am) B for Baker → B come Bologna
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B | |
---|---|
B b | |
(See below) | |
Usage | |
Writing system | Latin script English alphabet ISO basic Latin alphabet |
Type | Alphabetic |
Language of origin | Latin language |
Phonetic usage | [b] [p] [ɓ] (Adapted variations) |
Unicode value | U+0042, U+0062 |
Alphabetical position | 2 Numerical value: 2 |
History | |
Development | |
Time period | unknown to present |
Descendants | • ♭ • ␢ • ฿ |
Sisters | Б В בּ ב ب ܒ Բբ |
Variations | (See below) |
Other | |
Other letters commonly used with | bv bh bp bm bf |
Associated numbers | 2 |
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. |
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B or b (pronounced/biː/BEE)[1][2] is the second letter of the Latin-script alphabet. It represents the voiced bilabial stop in many languages, including English. In some other languages, it is used to represent other bilabial consonants.
- 2Use in writing systems
- 4Related characters
History
Egyptian Pr | Phoenician bēt | Greek beta | Etruscan B | Roman B | Runic beorc |
---|
Uncial B | Insular B | Blackletter B | Antiqua B | Modern Roman B |
---|
Old English was originally written in runes, whose equivalent letter was beorc ⟨ᛒ⟩, meaning 'birch'. Beorc dates to at least the 2nd-century Elder Futhark, which is now thought to have derived from the Old Italic alphabets' ⟨ ? ⟩ either directly or via Latin ⟨⟩.
The uncial ⟨⟩ and half-uncial ⟨⟩ introduced by the Gregorian and Irish missions gradually developed into the Insular scripts' ⟨⟩. These Old English Latin alphabets supplanted the earlier runes, whose use was fully banned under King Canute in the early 11th century. The Norman Conquest popularised the Carolingian half-uncial forms which latter developed into blackletter ⟨ ⟩. Around 1300, letter case was increasingly distinguished, with upper- and lower-case B taking separate meanings. Following the advent of printing in the 15th century, Holy Roman Empire (Germany) and Scandinavia continued to use forms of blackletter (particularly Fraktur), while England eventually adopted the humanist and antiqua scripts developed in Renaissance Italy from a combination of Roman inscriptions and Carolingian texts. The present forms of the English cursive B were developed by the 17th century.
The Roman ⟨B⟩ derived from the Greek capital beta ⟨Β⟩ via its Etruscan and Cumaean variants. The Greek letter was an adaptation of the Phoenician letter bēt ⟨?⟩.[3] The Egyptianhieroglyph for the consonant/b/ had been an image of a foot and calf ⟨ ⟩,[4] but bēt (Phoenician for 'house') was a modified form of a Proto-Sinaiticglyph ⟨ ⟩ probably adapted from the separate hieroglyph Pr⟨ ⟩ meaning 'house'.[5][6] The Hebrew letter beth ⟨ב⟩ is a separate development of the Phoenician letter.[3]
By Byzantine times, the Greek letter ⟨Β⟩ came to be pronounced /v/,[3] so that it is known in modern Greek as víta (still written βήτα). The Cyrillic letter ve ⟨В⟩ represents the same sound, so a modified form known as be ⟨Б⟩ was developed to represent the Slavic languages' /b/.[3] (Modern Greek continues to lack a letter for the voiced bilabial plosive and transliterates such sounds from other languages using the digraph/consonant cluster ⟨μπ⟩, mp.)
Use in writing systems
English
In English, ⟨b⟩ denotes the voiced bilabial stop/b/, as in bib. In English, it is sometimes silent. This occurs particularly in words ending in ⟨mb⟩, such as lamb and bomb, some of which originally had a /b/ sound, while some had the letter ⟨b⟩ added by analogy (see Phonological history of English consonant clusters). The ⟨b⟩ in debt, doubt, subtle, and related words was added in the 16th century as an etymological spelling, intended to make the words more like their Latin originals (debitum, dubito, subtilis).
As /b/ is one of the sounds subject to Grimm's Law, words which have ⟨b⟩ in English and other Germanic languages may find their cognates in other Indo-European languages appearing with ⟨bh⟩, ⟨p⟩, ⟨f⟩ or ⟨φ⟩ instead.[3] For example, compare the various cognates of the word brother. It is the seventh least frequently used letter in the English language (after V, K, J, X, Q, and Z), with a frequency of about 1.5% in words.
Other languages
Many other languages besides English use ⟨b⟩ to represent a voiced bilabial stop.
In Estonian, Icelandic, and Chinese Pinyin, ⟨b⟩ does not denote a voiced consonant. Instead, it represents a voiceless /p/ that contrasts with either a geminated/p:/ (in Estonian) or an aspirated/pʰ/ (in Pinyin, Danish and Icelandic) represented by ⟨p⟩. In Fijian ⟨b⟩ represents a prenasalised/mb/, whereas in Zulu and Xhosa it represents an implosive/ɓ/, in contrast to the digraph ⟨bh⟩ which represents /b/. Finnish uses ⟨b⟩ only in loanwords.
Phonetic transcription
In the International Phonetic Alphabet, [b] is used to represent the voiced bilabial stopphone. In phonological transcription systems for specific languages, /b/ may be used to represent a lenisphoneme, not necessarily voiced, that contrasts with fortis /p/ (which may have greater aspiration, tenseness or duration).
Other uses
B is also a musical note. In English-speaking countries, it represents Si, the 12th note of a chromatic scale built on C. In Central Europe and Scandinavia, 'B' is used to denote B-flat and the 12th note of the chromatic scale is denoted 'H'. Archaic forms of 'b', the b quadratum (square b, ♮) and b rotundum (round b, ♭) are used in musical notation as the symbols for natural and flat, respectively.
In Contracted (grade 2) English braille, 'b' stands for 'but' when in isolation.
In computer science, B is the symbol for byte, a unit of information storage.
In engineering, B is the symbol for bel, a unit of level.
In chemistry, B is the symbol for boron, a chemical element.
The blood-type B emoji (?️) was added in Unicode 6.0 in 2010, and became a popular internet meme in 2018 where letters would be replaced with the emoji.[7]
Related characters
Ancestors, descendants and siblings
- ? : Semitic letter Bet, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Β β : Greek letter Beta, from which B derives
- Ⲃ ⲃ Coptic letter Bēta, which derives from Greek Beta
- В в : Cyrillic letter Ve, which also derives from Beta
- Б б : Cyrillic letter Be, which also derives from Beta
- ? : Old Italic B, which derives from Greek Beta
- ᛒ : Runic letter Berkanan, which probably derives from Old Italic B
- ? : Gothic letter bercna, which derives from Greek Beta
- IPA-specific symbols related to B: ɓʙβ
- B with diacritics: Ƀ ƀ Ḃ ḃḄ ḅḆ ḇƁ ɓ ᵬ[8] ᶀ[9]
- Ꞗ ꞗ : B with flourish
- ᴃ ᴯ ᴮ ᵇ : Barred B and various modifier letters are used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet.[10]
- Ƃ ƃ : B with topbar
Derived ligatures, abbreviations, signs and symbols
- ␢ : U+2422␢BLANK SYMBOL
- ฿ : Thai baht
- ₿ : Bitcoin
- ♭: The flat in music, mentioned above, still closely resembles lowercase b.
Computing codes
Character | B | b | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B | LATIN SMALL LETTER B | ||
Encodings | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
Unicode | 66 | U+0042 | 98 | U+0062 |
UTF-8 | 66 | 42 | 98 | 62 |
Numeric character reference | B | B | b | b |
EBCDIC family | 194 | C2 | 130 | 82 |
ASCII1 | 66 | 42 | 98 | 62 |
- 1Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
Other representations
NATO phonetic | Morse code |
Bravo | –··· |
Signal flag | Flag semaphore | American manual alphabet (ASLfingerspelling) | Braille dots-12 |
References
- ^'B', Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989
- ^'B', Merriam-Webster's 3rd New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged, 1993
- ^ abcdeBaynes, T.S., ed. (1878), 'B' , Encyclopædia Britannica, 3 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 173
- ^Schumann-Antelme, Ruth; Rossini, Stéphane (1998), Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook, English translation by Sterling Publishing (2002), pp. 22–23, ISBN1-4027-0025-3
- ^Goldwasser, Orly (March – April 2010), 'How the Alphabet Was Born from Hieroglyphs', Biblical Archaeology Review, Vol. 36 (No. , 1), Washington: Biblical Archaeology Society, ISSN0098-9444
- ^It also resembles the hieroglyph for /h/ ⟨ ⟩ meaning 'manor' or 'reed shelter'.
- ^'B Button Emoji ?'. Know Your Meme. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
- ^Constable, Peter (30 September 2003). 'L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Middle Tilde in the UCS'(PDF).
- ^Constable, Peter (19 April 2004). 'L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS'(PDF).
- ^Everson, Michael; et al. (20 March 2002). 'L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS'(PDF).
External links
- Media related to B at Wikimedia Commons
- The dictionary definition of B at Wiktionary
- The dictionary definition of b at Wiktionary
- Giles, Peter (1911), 'B' , Encyclopædia Britannica, 3 (11th ed.), p. 87
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B&oldid=898635672'
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Updated Nov. 29, 2017: The Bitcoin price has crossed over $11,000, but many still aren’t making money on this rise. And what most don’t know is how to find the fastest cryptocurrency profits. Stay ahead of the money – and make more – with our free, real-time Cryptocurrency Profit Alerts sent to your inbox. Sign up now here.
The basic Bitcoin ticker symbol comes in two flavors: BTC and XBT.
BTC is the informal ticker symbol Bitcoin was given shortly after its birth; XBT is its currency code, compliant with the rules of the International Organization for Standardization. The Bitcoin Foundation has applied to the ISO to formally approve XBT.
Further complicating matters was the Aug. 1, 2017 hard fork that created Bitcoin Cash. This new flavor of Bitcoin also has two ticker symbols. Yikes!
First, here's how we ended up with two Bitcoin ticker symbols for the 'legacy' Bitcoin…
Why We Have Two Bitcoin Ticker Symbols
In Bitcoin's early years (prior to 2013), the BTC ticker symbol was commonly used as a shorthand for Bitcoin. It's a clear and logical abbreviation for Bitcoin.
Because of that and because it originated shortly after Bitcoin's launch in 2009, the BTC ticker remains in use.
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But when it came time to assign a currency code to Bitcoin, BTC didn't work. The problem is that the first two letters, 'BT,' happen to be the country code for Bhutan – an ISO no-no. (It wasn't a conflict with Bhutan's currency, the ngultrum, which uses the ticker symbol BTN.)
So in 2013, a new Bitcoin ticker symbol was created, XBT, for use specifically as a currency code. The 'X' prefix was chosen because Bitcoin is a 'supranational' currency, not belonging to any one nation. (Other examples of this include gold, which uses the symbol XAU, and silver, which uses XAG.)
BTC was too entrenched to fade away, though. 3d army shooting games. Some sites use both symbols; others prefer one over the other.
Here are some tips on using these Bitcoin ticker symbols…
Where and How to Use BTC and XBT
If you want check the price of Bitcoin against any other currency in a Google search, for example, you use the BTC ticker.
So to get the latest Bitcoin price in dollars on Google, you'd type in 'BTC USD' (you may have to add price to get the currency price box to pop up).
But the foreign exchange website XE.com uses only the XBT ticker symbol. And another currency conversion website, Oanda, uses both BTC and XBT.
Most Bitcoin exchanges, such as Gemini, Poloniex, and Bitfinex, stick with the traditional BTC symbol. But a few, like Kraken, adopted the XBT symbol.
Typically, XBT is also used on financial news and data sites such as Bloomberg or CNN Money.
Related: How to Buy Bitcoins – Your Guide to Digital Profits
But on other sites – including popular ones like Yahoo Finance and Google Finance – investors looking for a Bitcoin price quote won't get anywhere with either BTC or XBT.
For those sites, you need to use the ticker symbol NYXBT, formally known as the NYSE Bitcoin Index. It doesn't represent Bitcoin itself, as do BTC and XBT, but is a proprietary index created by the New York Stock Exchange in 2015.
The NYXBT is only updated once daily, however, at approximately 6 p.m. Eastern time. So if you're interested in tracking the minute-by-minute adventures of the Bitcoin markets, you'll be better served looking on the Bitcoin exchanges or using the Coindesk website.
And as if that weren't confusing enough, along comes Bitcoin Cash with two more ticker symbols…
The Bitcoin Cash Ticker Symbols
Bitcoin Cash is a variant of Bitcoin that allows larger blocks – eight megabytes rather than one megabyte – so that more transactions can fit in each block. This was one group's answer to the growing problem of having more transactions than the Bitcoin network could process.
When Bitcoin Cash 'forked' from legacy Bitcoin, it became a separate cryptocurrency the required its own ticker symbol. This was especially critical on the Bitcoin exchanges, where the two versions trade against each other as a currency pair.
The logical Bitcoin Cash ticker symbol was BCC, which several exchanges adopted. Problem is, another cryptocurrency called BitConnect already uses the BCC ticker symbol.
So another Bitcoin Cash symbol sprung up: BCH. Some Bitcoin exchanges use the BCH ticker symbol, but others continue to use BCC. The lack of a standard is exasperating, but there's no authority to enforce one.
Unless something changes, we're stuck with multiple Bitcoin ticker symbols.
Apart from these, there are several other Bitcoin-related ticker symbols you should know about…